Urdu
It is the national language of Pakistan and is the mother tongue of 220 million people in subcontinent and is estimated to be spoken and used by 400 million people in general. It is also a popular language in emigrant communities residing in US, UK, Germany, South Africa, New Zealand, Singapore, South Africa etc. It is also the official language of the state of UP in IndiaThe word Urdu comes from a Turkish word ‘ordo’ which means ‘camp’ or ‘army’. Urdu vocabulary contains Arabic and Turkish words but its mainly dominated by Farsi constituting 70% of the words. Though its grammar comprises of its own distinctive features and rules but some elements of Farsi and Arabic are also present.
It is classified as Indo European language. It is a very expressive language and is gracefully and extensively used in poetry and prose to convey emotions and deliver meaningful messages. Urdu language writing is based on Arabic script and reads from right to left. Nasakh, Nastaliq and Shikastaa are some of the popular calligraphical scripts used for printing and writing.
It is historically believed that Hindi and Urdu evolved and developed simultaneously when different cultures intermingled. Many notable poets have passed whose contributions in secular literature have played a prominent role in promoting this language.
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